Windows下关闭MySQL的自动提交 autocommit 性能
发布时间:2022-06-24 14:43 所属栏目:115 来源:互联网
导读:随着MySQL的应用日益广泛,支持事务特性的InnoDB已经成为MySQL的默认存储引擎。和很多关系数据库不同的是,在InnoDB存储引擎中,事务默认是自动提交的,也就是说每条DML语句都会触发commit操作。这一自动提交(autocommit)特性在很多场景下对于性能还是有一定
随着MySQL的应用日益广泛,支持事务特性的InnoDB已经成为MySQL的默认存储引擎。和很多关系数据库不同的是,在InnoDB存储引擎中,事务默认是自动提交的,也就是说每条DML语句都会触发commit操作。这一自动提交(autocommit)特性在很多场景下对于性能还是有一定影响的。 最近我们尝试将一个Oracle数据库的数据迁移到MySQL数据库,发现导入时间很长。举个例子来说,其中有一个表包含四千多条数据,插入时间竟然超过了100秒。每插入一条数据,数据库就会自动提交一次,也就是说单这一个表MySQL会commit超过4000次,如果我们关闭自动提交功能,通过程序来控制,只要一次commit就可以了。 那么,如何关闭MySQL的autocommit特性呢? 通常有两种方法: 一种是通过set命令修改会话级别或者数据库级别的参数,但是数据库重启后参数会恢复默认值; 第二种方法是修改mysql的配置文件my.ini,一劳永逸。 1.测试环境 Windows Server 2008 r2+MySQL Community Server (GPL) 5.7.16 我是在Windows Server 2008 r2环境下进行测试。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 mysql> status -------------- mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.16, for Win64 (x86_64) Connection id: 2 Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Using delimiter: ; Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Protocol version: 10 Connection: localhost via TCP/IP Server characterset: latin1 Db characterset: latin1 Client characterset: utf8 Conn. characterset: utf8 TCP port: 3306 Uptime: 9 min 5 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 7 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 106 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 99 Queries per second avg: 0.012 -------------- mysql> 2.通过set来关闭autocommit,重启后恢复默认值 首先,我们通过set命令来修改autocommit参数。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 mysql> mysql> show global variables like '%commit%'; +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | autocommit | ON | | binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 | | binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 | | binlog_order_commits | ON | | innodb_api_bk_commit_interval | 5 | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | slave_preserve_commit_order | OFF | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> set autocommit=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> set global autocommit=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show global variables like '%commit%'; +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | autocommit | OFF | | binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 | | binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 | | binlog_order_commits | ON | | innodb_api_bk_commit_interval | 5 | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | slave_preserve_commit_order | OFF | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.02 sec) mysql> 接下来,我们重启数据库,发现autocommit参数已经恢复默认值。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>net stop mysql MySQL 服务正在停止. MySQL 服务已成功停止。 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>net start mysql MySQL 服务正在启动 . MySQL 服务已经启动成功。 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -proot mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql> show global variables like '%commit%'; +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | autocommit | ON | | binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 | | binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 | | binlog_order_commits | ON | | innodb_api_bk_commit_interval | 5 | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | slave_preserve_commit_order | OFF | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> 3.修改mysql的配置文件my.ini 我们找到mysql的配置文件my.ini,在里面添加一行记录“autocommit=0”。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] max_connections=200 default-storage-engine=INNODB basedir =E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin datadir =E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\data port = 3306 autocommit=0 然后重新启动数据库,确认autocommit参数是否为OFF。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>net stop mysql MySQL 服务正在停止. MySQL 服务已成功停止。 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>net start mysql MySQL 服务正在启动 . MySQL 服务已经启动成功。 E:\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -proot mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show global variables like '%commit%'; +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ | autocommit | OFF | | binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 | | binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 | | binlog_order_commits | ON | | innodb_api_bk_commit_interval | 5 | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | slave_preserve_commit_order | OFF | +-----------------------------------------+-------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> 我们看到autocommit参数为OFF,目标达成。 4.数据插入速度提升十倍 以开头提到的那张表为例,4000多条数据,在关闭autocommit参数之前插入时间为101505ms;关闭autocommit参数之后插入时间为8869ms,插入速度提升了十倍还多。 但是这个时间其实还是蛮长的,继续提升! (编辑:ASP站长网) |
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